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   Tech
   [242]Home [243]Tech [244]Services & Software [245]Operating Systems [246]Linux

Twenty Years of Linux according to Linus Torvalds

   In an interview, Linus Torvalds talks about Linux's multiple 20th birthdays and
   life with Linux.
   steven-vaughan-nichols
   Written by [247]Steven Vaughan-Nichols, Senior Contributing Editor April 13, 2011
   at 6:41 a.m. PT
     *
     *
     *
     *
     *

   20-years-of-linux.jpg
   [248]The Linux Foundation, the nonprofit organization dedicated to accelerating
   the growth of Linux, started the celebration of Linux's 20th anniversary at the
   [249]Linux Foundation Collaboration Summit, but when is Linux's real birthday? Is
   it August 25th, when Linus announced the project? October 5th 1991, when 0.02,
   the first public release was made? I decided to go straight to the source and
   asked Linux's creator, Linus Torvalds.

   SJVN: "What's Linux real birthday?" You're the proud papa, when do you think it
   was? When you sent out the [250]newsgroup post to the Minix newsgroup? When you
   sent out the 0.01 release to a few friends?

   LT: I think both of them are valid birthdays.

   The first newsgroup post is more public (Aug 25th), and you can find it with
   headers giving date and time and everything. In contrast, I don't think the 0.01
   release was ever announced in any public setting (only in private to a few people
   who had shown interest, and I don't think any of those emails survive). So these
   days the way to find the 0.01 date (Sept 17th) is to go and look at the dates of
   the files in the tar-file that still remains.

   So both of them work for me. Or either.

   And btw, some people will argue for yet other days. For example, the earliest
   public semi-mention of Linux was July 3rd: that was the first time I asked for
   some POSIX docs publicly on the minix newsgroup and mentioned I was working on a
   project (but didn't name it). And at the other end, October 5th was the first
   time I actually publicly announced a Linux version: "version 0.02 (+1 (very
   small) patch already)".

   So you might have to buy four cakes if you want to cover all the eventualities.

   SJVN: Did you have any idea that Linux was going to turn out as big as it would?
   I think I know the answer to that one, so perhaps the better questions are, "When
   did you realize that Linux was going to be bigger than GNU or [251]Minix
   [[252]Andrew Tannenbaum's ground-breaking free software Unix-like operating
   system for students]? Bigger than just something for techies? Bigger than
   Microsoft!?"

   LT: Bigger than Minix was pretty early, some time in the first quarter of 1992
   Linux was already doing things Minix didn't, and was gathering momentum.

   The rest happened pretty gradually, and never really hit me as being as
   exceptional as the early '92 realization that there were actually people I didn't
   know who were using and tinkering with Linux.

                                                  Page 2: [Linux Early Highlights] »

   Linux's Early Highlights

   SJVN: Looking back at it all, what do you think the really significant releases
   were?

   LT: For me personally, 0.03 was a big step, which is when Linux became
   self-hosting for the first time, I think. And 0.12 was when suddenly it was
   almost useful to some people, and you could actually do some limited real work
   with it (and when the aforementioned "hey, people I don't know are using it"
   happened). Admittedly you had to be pretty hard-core to play around with it, but
   there are still active kernel developers around from that time-frame.

   But realistically, "significant" for anybody else would come much later. 1.0 is
   obviously always a milestone (and took years to reach), and in many ways the
   really significant events ended up being not so much about releases, but about
   all the companies that started supporting it. And I'm not just talking the big
   Oracle and IBM announcements, but the much earlier events like the first (very
   small-scale) commercial distributions of floppies in '92 etc were even bigger
   events, and only indirectly related to my releases. [EMBED]

   SJVN: In passing let me say I always thought the [253]release of Linux 2.4 in
   2001 was a big deal. That's because it was the one that added serious support for
   clustering, multiple processors and vast amounts of RAM.

   Along the way, who do you think helped you the most in turning Linux from being a
   way to get your hands dirty with operating system theory and practice to where it
   is today?

   LT: I don't think there is a single "who". There were all the people just testing
   and asking for features - and keeping me motivated. There were the actual early
   developers who started jumping in and sending me patches. And there were the
   [254]people who did the first distributions--MCC, TAMU, SLS, [255]Slackware,
   yadda, yadda. And then all the big companies.

   It's really been a lot of people.

   SJVN: Looking ahead, any thoughts on where Linux will be at 40?

   LT: Bah. I don't plan that far ahead. I can barely keep my calendar for the next
   week in mind. I really have no idea.

   SJVN: I know how that works! Thank you very much for your time.

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   [257]Linux Foundation chief says battle with Microsoft over ... and that Linux is
   victorious!

   [258]Mission Accomplished: SCO Loses, Groklaw Closes

   [259]Red Hat's Future Linux Desktop
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