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   . 1996 Apr;49(2):232-63.
   doi: 10.1006/tpbi.1996.0013.

Pollinator Foraging Strategies in Mixed Floral Arrays: Density Effects and Floral
Constancy

   [38]W Kunin^ [39] 1 , [40]Y Iwasa
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Affiliation

     * ^1 NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, ,
       Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom

     * PMID: 8813024
     * DOI: [41]10.1006/tpbi.1996.0013

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Pollinator Foraging Strategies in Mixed Floral Arrays: Density Effects and Floral
Constancy

   W Kunin et al. Theor Popul Biol. 1996 Apr.
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   . 1996 Apr;49(2):232-63.
   doi: 10.1006/tpbi.1996.0013.

Authors

   [45]W Kunin^ [46] 1 , [47]Y Iwasa

Affiliation

     * ^1 NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, ,
       Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom

     * PMID: 8813024
     * DOI: [48]10.1006/tpbi.1996.0013

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Abstract

   The profitability of any foraging strategy may be in part dependent on the number
   of foragers adopting it, and so it can be viewed mathematically as a "game". We
   explore here the implications of a game-theoretic model of pollinators foraging
   on a mixed array of two flower species, with individual pollinators either
   specializing on one or the other, or else acting as generalists. We further allow
   for the possibility of specialist advantages in foraging efficiency. The
   predicted mixture of pollinator behavioral strategies depends on the overall
   floral density and the relative densities of the two flower species. Where floral
   resources are scarce, pollinators should behave as generalists whereas when
   resources are superabundant, specialization on the single most profitable flower
   type (all else being equal, the commonest one) is favored. At intermediate floral
   densities, a mix of floral specializations (floral constancy) is favored, so long
   as the rarer flower's density does not fall below some critical minimum level.
   Where the rarer flower is too rare, a mixture of generalists and common-species
   specialists is favored. Rare flowers are at a reproductive disadvantage in all
   cases, but their relative success is highest where their pollinators are flower
   constant.

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