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   . 2012 May:1256:66-88.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06552.x.

The fundamental role of competition in the ecology and evolution of mutualisms

   [39]Emily I Jones^ [40] 1 , [41]Judith L Bronstein, [42]Régis Ferrière
   Affiliations (BUTTON) Expand

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     * ^1 School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman,
       Washington 99164, USA. eijones@wsu.edu

     * PMID: 22583047
     * DOI: [43]10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06552.x

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The fundamental role of competition in the ecology and evolution of mutualisms

   Emily I Jones et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 May.
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   . 2012 May:1256:66-88.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06552.x.

Authors

   [47]Emily I Jones^ [48] 1 , [49]Judith L Bronstein, [50]Régis Ferrière

Affiliation

     * ^1 School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman,
       Washington 99164, USA. eijones@wsu.edu

     * PMID: 22583047
     * DOI: [51]10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06552.x

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Abstract

   Mutualisms are interspecific interactions that yield reciprocal benefits. Here,
   by adopting a consumer-resource perspective, we show how considering competition
   is necessary in order to understand the evolutionary and ecological dynamics of
   mutualism. We first review the ways in which competition shapes the ecology of
   mutualisms, using a graphical framework based on resource flows rather than net
   effects to highlight the opportunities for competition. We then describe the
   known mechanisms of competition and show how it is a critical driver of the
   evolutionary dynamics, persistence, and diversification of mutualism. We argue
   that empirical and theoretical research on the ecology and evolution of
   mutualisms will jointly progress by addressing four key points: (i) the existence
   and shape of physiological trade-offs among cooperation, competition, and other
   life-history and functional traits; (ii) the capacity for individuals to express
   conditional responses to variation in their mutualistic and competitive
   environment; (iii) the existence of heritable variation for mutualistic and
   competitive traits and their potentially conditional expression; and (iv) the
   structure of the network of consumer-resource interactions in which individuals
   are embedded.

   © 2012 New York Academy of Sciences.

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