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   (BUTTON) Ecol Lett
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   . 2009 Jul;12(7):716-28.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01319.x. Epub 2009 May 4.

A meta-analysis of impacts of alien vs. native plants on pollinator visitation and
reproductive success of co-flowering native plants

   [39]Carolina Laura Morales^ [40] 1 , [41]Anna Traveset
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     * ^1 Laboratorio Ecotono, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio
       Ambiente (INIBIOMA, CONICET-UNCO), Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Rio Negro,
       Argentina.

     * PMID: 19453616
     * DOI: [42]10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01319.x

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   Review

A meta-analysis of impacts of alien vs. native plants on pollinator visitation and
reproductive success of co-flowering native plants

   Carolina Laura Morales et al. Ecol Lett. 2009 Jul.
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   . 2009 Jul;12(7):716-28.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01319.x. Epub 2009 May 4.

Authors

   [46]Carolina Laura Morales^ [47] 1 , [48]Anna Traveset

Affiliation

     * ^1 Laboratorio Ecotono, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio
       Ambiente (INIBIOMA, CONICET-UNCO), Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Rio Negro,
       Argentina.

     * PMID: 19453616
     * DOI: [49]10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01319.x

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Abstract

   Alien plant species can alter pollinator visitation and, in turn, the sexual
   reproduction of natives. Using a conventional and a phylogenetically controlled
   meta-analytical approach on a data set of 40 studies, we evaluated the effect of
   alien neighbour plant species (aliens) on visitation to and reproduction of
   native co-flowering focal species (focals), and compared such effect to that of
   native neighbours (natives). An overall significantly negative effect of aliens
   on visitation to and reproduction of focals was confirmed. Interestingly, aliens
   differed from natives in their effect on visitation, but not on reproductive
   success. The negative effect of aliens on visitation and reproductive success
   increased at high relative alien plant abundance, but this increase was
   proportionally lower than the increase in relative plant abundance. Likewise,
   effect of aliens on visitation and reproductive success was most detrimental when
   alien and focal species had similar flower symmetry or colour. The phylogenetic
   relatedness between alien neighbours and focals influenced the reproductive
   success effect size. Results of the phylogenetic meta-analysis were only partly
   consistent with those of the conventional meta-analysis, depending on the
   response variable and on whether we controlled for the phylogeny of neighbour or
   focal species, which calls for special attention to control for species
   relatedness in this type of review. This study demonstrates the predominant
   detrimental impact of alien plants on pollination and reproduction of natives,
   and highlights the importance of phenotypic similarity to the outcome of the
   interaction.

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