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   . 1999 Jul-Aug;72(4):445-54.
   doi: 10.1086/316678.

Patterns and mechanisms of growth of fifth-instar Manduca sexta caterpillars following
exposure to low- or high-protein food during early instars

   [38]H A Woods^ [39] 1
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     * ^1 Department of Zoology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
       art.woods@asu.edu

     * PMID: 10438682
     * DOI: [40]10.1086/316678

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Patterns and mechanisms of growth of fifth-instar Manduca sexta caterpillars following
exposure to low- or high-protein food during early instars

   H A Woods. Physiol Biochem Zool. 1999 Jul-Aug.
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   . 1999 Jul-Aug;72(4):445-54.
   doi: 10.1086/316678.

Author

   [44]H A Woods^ [45] 1

Affiliation

     * ^1 Department of Zoology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
       art.woods@asu.edu

     * PMID: 10438682
     * DOI: [46]10.1086/316678

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   For many insect herbivores, variation in protein availability is a pervasive part
   of the environment. I explore how variable protein availability affects growth
   rates of fifth-instar Manduca sexta caterpillars and how growth is related to
   behavior and physiology. Groups of larvae were reared on low- or high-protein
   artificial diets (5.9% and 17.7% casein by dry weight, respectively) and then
   transferred in the fifth instar to the same or opposite diet. During or after the
   24-h period following transfer, I measured growth rate, consumption rate, growth
   efficiency, midgut proteolytic activity, and masses of midgut contents and
   tissues. Fifth-instar caterpillars reared in earlier instars on high-protein diet
   grew about 20% more rapidly over 24 h than did caterpillars reared on low-protein
   diet. This growth pattern appears to be caused by differences in consumption and
   growth efficiency: caterpillars reared on high protein consumed more food, and
   used it more efficiently, than did caterpillars reared on low-protein diet. Over
   the short term (24 h), in contrast, fifth instars that received low-protein diet
   grew as rapidly as caterpillars that received high-protein diet. Increased
   (compensatory) consumption appears to be the primary mechanism by which
   caterpillars consuming low-protein food maintained growth rates.

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