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   . 2006;172(3):412-28.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01864.x.

The evolution of plant-insect mutualisms

   [41]Judith L Bronstein^ [42] 1 , [43]Ruben Alarcón, [44]Monica Geber
   Affiliations (BUTTON) Expand

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     * ^1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona,
       Tucson, AZ 85745, USA. judieb@email.arizona.edu

     * PMID: 17083673
     * DOI: [45]10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01864.x

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The evolution of plant-insect mutualisms

   Judith L Bronstein et al. New Phytol. 2006.
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   . 2006;172(3):412-28.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01864.x.

Authors

   [49]Judith L Bronstein^ [50] 1 , [51]Ruben Alarcón, [52]Monica Geber

Affiliation

     * ^1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona,
       Tucson, AZ 85745, USA. judieb@email.arizona.edu

     * PMID: 17083673
     * DOI: [53]10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01864.x

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Abstract

   Mutualisms (cooperative interactions between species) have had a central role in
   the generation and maintenance of life on earth. Insects and plants are involved
   in diverse forms of mutualism. Here we review evolutionary features of three
   prominent insect-plant mutualisms: pollination, protection and seed dispersal. We
   focus on addressing five central phenomena: evolutionary origins and maintenance
   of mutualism; the evolution of mutualistic traits; the evolution of
   specialization and generalization; coevolutionary processes; and the existence of
   cheating. Several features uniting very diverse insect-plant mutualisms are
   identified and their evolutionary implications are discussed: the involvement of
   one mobile and one sedentary partner; natural selection on plant rewards; the
   existence of a continuum from specialization to generalization; and the ubiquity
   of cheating, particularly on the part of insects. Plant-insect mutualisms have
   apparently both arisen and been lost repeatedly. Many adaptive hypotheses have
   been proposed to explain these transitions, and it is unlikely that any one of
   them dominates across interactions differing so widely in natural history.
   Evolutionary theory has a potentially important, but as yet largely unfilled,
   role to play in explaining the origins, maintenance, breakdown and evolution of
   insect-plant mutualisms.

   [54]PubMed Disclaimer

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