9.1. Introduction. Main Problems

   Some populations have considerable oscillations in their numbers. There are
   well-known cycles in rodent populations. Many insect pests have regular or
   irregular outbreaks, e.g., larch budmoth in Switzerland, spruce budworm in
   Canada, gypsy moth in Europe and in USA.

   Example: Gypsy moth population dynamics in Yugoslavia:

                                     [ggypsy.gif]

   Gypsy moth numbers increased by several orders of magnitude. Pest outbreaks
   resulted in forest defoliation in large areas.

Main Problems:

     * To evaluate population stability using models
     * To examine effects of different factors on population stability

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   [4]Alexei Sharov 1/12/96

References

   1. http://alexei.nfshost.com/PopEcol/lec9/stabil.html
   2. http://alexei.nfshost.com/PopEcol/lec9/stabil.html
   3. http://alexei.nfshost.com/PopEcol/lec9/attract.html
   4. http://alexei.nfshost.com/~sharov/alexei.html