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   . 2012 Mar;15(3):198-208.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01726.x. Epub 2012 Jan 12.

Phenology drives mutualistic network structure and diversity

   [39]Francisco Encinas-Viso^ [40] 1 , [41]Tomás A Revilla, [42]Rampal S Etienne
   Affiliations (BUTTON) Expand

Affiliation

     * ^1 Community and Conservation Ecology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary
       Studies, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
       f.a.encinas.viso@rug.nl

     * PMID: 22236277
     * DOI: [43]10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01726.x

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Phenology drives mutualistic network structure and diversity

   Francisco Encinas-Viso et al. Ecol Lett. 2012 Mar.
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   . 2012 Mar;15(3):198-208.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01726.x. Epub 2012 Jan 12.

Authors

   [47]Francisco Encinas-Viso^ [48] 1 , [49]Tomás A Revilla, [50]Rampal S Etienne

Affiliation

     * ^1 Community and Conservation Ecology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary
       Studies, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
       f.a.encinas.viso@rug.nl

     * PMID: 22236277
     * DOI: [51]10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01726.x

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   Several network properties have been identified as determinants of the stability
   and complexity of mutualistic networks. However, it is unclear which mechanisms
   give rise to these network properties. Phenology seems important, because it
   shapes the topology of mutualistic networks, but its effects on the dynamics of
   mutualistic networks have scarcely been studied. Here, we study these effects
   with a general dynamical model of mutualistic and competitive interactions where
   the interaction strength depends on the temporal overlap between species
   resulting from their phenologies. We find a negative complexity-stability
   relationship, where phenologies maximising mutualistic interactions and
   minimising intraguild competitive interactions generate speciose, nested and
   poorly connected networks with moderate asymmetry and low resilience. Moreover,
   lengthening the season increases diversity and resilience. This highlights the
   fragility of real mutualistic communities with short seasons (e.g. Arctic
   environments) to drastic environmental changes.

   © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.

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