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   [Title & authors_________]

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   . 2008 May;11(5):461-9.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01162.x. Epub 2008 Feb 25.

Pathogens promote plant diversity through a compensatory response

   [40]Devon J Bradley^ [41] 1 , [42]Gregory S Gilbert, [43]Jennifer B H Martiny
   Affiliations (BUTTON) Expand

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     * ^1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, 80
       Waterman Street, Box G-W, Providence, RI 02912, USA. djbradle@uci.edu

     * PMID: 18312409
     * DOI: [44]10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01162.x

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Pathogens promote plant diversity through a compensatory response

   Devon J Bradley et al. Ecol Lett. 2008 May.
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   . 2008 May;11(5):461-9.
   doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01162.x. Epub 2008 Feb 25.

Authors

   [48]Devon J Bradley^ [49] 1 , [50]Gregory S Gilbert, [51]Jennifer B H Martiny

Affiliation

     * ^1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, 80
       Waterman Street, Box G-W, Providence, RI 02912, USA. djbradle@uci.edu

     * PMID: 18312409
     * DOI: [52]10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01162.x

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   Pathogens are thought to promote diversity in plant communities by preventing
   competitive exclusion. Previous studies have focussed primarily on single-plant,
   single-pathogen interactions, yet the interactions between multiple pathogens and
   multiple hosts may have non-additive impacts on plant community composition.
   Here, we report that both a bacterial and a fungal pathogen maintained the
   diversity of a four-species plant community across five generations; however,
   significant interactions between the pathogens resulted in less plant diversity
   when the two pathogens were present than when the fungal pathogen was present
   alone. Standard models predict that pathogens will maintain plant diversity when
   they cause a disproportionate loss of fitness in the dominant plant species. In
   our experiment, however, pathogens maintained plant diversity because the rare
   species produced more seeds through a compensatory response to pathogen
   infection. Finally, we found that the influence of pathogens on maintaining plant
   diversity was 5.5 times greater than the influence of nutrient resource
   heterogeneity. Pathogens may be a major factor in maintaining plant diversity,
   and our findings emphasize the importance of investigating the roles of pathogens
   in natural plant communities.

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